有无内部对流换热对导叶冷却效果影响的数值研究

根据导向叶片的曲面结构,运用剪应力输运方程(SST)湍流模型,在不同冷气入口压力条件下,对涡轮叶栅通道内部的三维流场和圆形气膜孔叶片型面的冷却效果进行了数值模拟.计算针对两种情形,即叶片内部有对流换热的情形和无对流换热的情形,结果表明随着冷气入口压力的增加,叶片有无内部对流换热的冷却效果也在增加;有内部对流换热的冷却效果较纯气膜冷却的高,尤其是在叶片前缘.      

具有电磁约束阻尼层梁的振动主动控制研究计算(英文)

This paper investigates vibration control of beam through electro-magnetic constrained layer damping （EMCLD） which consists of electromagnet layer, permanent magnet layer and viscoelastic damping layer. When the coil of the electromagnet is electrified with proper control strategy, the electromagnet can exert magnetic force opposite to the direction of structural deformation so that the structural vibration is attenuated. A mathematical model is developed based on the equivalent current method to calculate the electromagnetic control force produced by EMCLD. The governing equations of the system are obtained using Hamilton＇s Principle and then reduced with the assumed-mode method. A simulation on vibration control of a cantilever beam is conducted under the velocity proportional feedback to demonstrate the energy dissipation capability of EMCLD, and the beam system with the same parameter is experimented. The results of experiment and simulation are compared and the results show that the EMCLD is an effective means for suppressing modal vibration. The results also indicate that the beam system has better control performance for larger control current. The EMCLD method presented in this paper provides an applicable and efficient tool for the vibration control of structures.     

利用液晶测量吹风比对尾缘半劈缝换热特性的影响(英文)

This article deals with the effects of a blowing ratio measured with narrowband liquid crystal in transonic experiments on the heat transfer characteristics of trailing edge cutback. The experimental results are compared and contrasted in terms of available data for traditional experiments with thermocouples. It is concluded that the blowing ratio exerts rather significant effects on film cooling effectiveness distribution of the rib center line. As the blowing ratio decreases, similar to the cooling effectiveness distribution curve of the slot center line, that of the rib center line makes a clockwise rotation about the end. When the blowing ratio increases, the regular film cooling effectiveness curve of the surface becomes rather smooth. On the whole measuring surface, the most intensive heat transfer occurs at the extended borderline of the slot and the rib, neither at the rib center line nor at the slot center line. The experimental results of cooling effectiveness measured with thermocouples are lower than those with liquid crystal. In addition, the transient experiments using narrowband liquid crystal can eliminate the higher errors of Nusselt numbers in measurements with thermocouples at the slot outlet.     

带冠涡轮叶片干摩擦阻尼减振试验研究

为验证某型真实带冠涡轮叶片叶冠干摩擦阻尼减振效果,本文建立了可实现正压力连续调节的非旋转状态涡轮叶片试验系统,对不同接触紧度、不同接触角度的真实带冠涡轮叶片的振动响应进行了测试。通过试验分析了叶冠接触面紧度、接触角度等重要参数对带冠叶片振动特性和减振效果的影响规律,结果表明：带冠涡轮叶片出现了明显的非线性现象,同时存在一个最优的接触紧度使得该带冠涡轮叶片的减振效果最佳。接触角度的选取应综合考虑叶冠振动能量的消耗能力和带冠涡轮叶片共振频率的稳定性。     

涡轮叶片表面气膜出流的数值模拟

深入理解气膜出流对涡轮叶栅气动性能和流场结构的影响对于冷却涡轮的设计具有重要意义。本文利用数值模拟手段对涡轮叶栅表面气膜出流与主流相互作用进行了研究,给出了冷却孔附近的三维流场,分析了叶片表面气膜冷却机理以及吹风比对气膜出流与主流相互作用的影响规律。研究结果表明,吹风比增大将导致叶栅内部流动损失增大,且压力面更为明显;当吹风比增大到一定程度,叶片两侧面上将出现掺混肾型涡流动结构,并且在压力面和吸力面诱导出旋向相反的诱导涡。     

液晶测温法对平板气膜冷却的实验研究

采用热色液晶测温法, 对沿流向倾角30°的圆孔排平板气膜冷却进行了实验研究.测量了绝热壁温、壁温等温度场.研究了吹风比、孔排等因素对气膜冷却效果和换热系数的影响.结果表明:吹风比对气膜冷却效果的影响很大, 冷却效果随吹风比的增大而降低;圆孔气膜冷却效果沿横向位置波动较大, 孔之间容易形成冷却死区.利用液晶测温技术可以很好地反映气膜冷却区域及冷却效果等.      

挤压油膜阻尼器非线性油膜力近似解析改进方法

提出了一种求解挤压油膜阻尼器(SFD)非线性油膜力的近似解析方法。针对Reason 方法不适用非稳态工况的缺点进行了改进,并用典型的Jeffcott转子-轴承系统为具体算例进行了验证,结果表明,改进后的方法能够适应动载荷下的非线性油膜力分析,为转子-轴承系统的非线性分析和优化设计提供了有效手段。     

氧化锌半导体薄膜在原子氧探测中的应用

氧化锌半导体薄膜是用于空间原子氧探测的一种敏感材料。采用脉冲激光沉积方法（PLD）在（001）取向的蓝宝石基底上制备出了高质量的氧化锌薄膜,并在地面原子氧模拟设备中考察了其原子氧敏感特性。结果表明,氧化锌薄膜对原子氧有较好的敏感特性,并且在受热后导电性能可以恢复,满足重复探测的要求。     

涡轮泵环形颗粒阻尼器设计

设计了一种用于液体火箭发动机涡轮泵减振的环形颗粒阻尼器。为研究颗粒阻尼器的减振性能,基于有限元法建立了附加颗粒阻尼器以及不加颗粒阻尼器的涡轮泵模型,计算过程中采用结构阻尼系数来描述颗粒阻尼器的阻尼特性。仿真结果表明．颗粒阻尼器能够显著降低涡轮泵的振动,并且对涡轮泵的动态特性影响很小。     

索穹顶结构的气动阻尼识别

索穹顶是一种具有很强风振敏感性的大跨柔性结构,风振问题在设计中应予以高度重视,这其中气动阻尼有至关重要的影响,而如何有效地识别气动阻尼则是问题的关键.利用肋环型索穹顶结构气弹模型风洞实验的数据,先由经验模态分解法提取信号的低频分量,并在此基础上采用改进的随机减量法及Hilbert变换得到结构的气动阻尼,结果证明该方法是稳定而有效的.最后在计算分析的基础上总结了索穹顶结构中气动阻尼随风速及风向角的变化规律.